Bible Study #8

The Atonement

The last work of Christ in the heavenly sanctuary

"Also on the tenth day of this seventh month there shall be a day of atonement: it shall be an holy convocation unto you; and ye shall afflict your souls, and offer an offering made by fire unto the Lord."

— Leviticus 23:27-29

The Essence of Atonement

What is Atonement?

In the biblical context, atonement (Kippur) means "to cover" or "to reconcile". It is the process by which sin is removed and the barrier between God and man is broken down. While the daily sacrifice broughtforgiveness, the Day of Atonement brought theblotting outdefinitive of sins.

Sanctuary: The Scale Model

The earthly sanctuary was a copy of the heavenly. What the high priest did once a year in the Most Holy Place, Jesus is doing now in Heaven: purifying the sanctuary of the records of our sins (Hebrews 9:23-24).

Affliction of the Soul

A time of self-examination and total surrender, seeking the purification that only Christ can offer.

Leviticus 23:27-29

Advocacy of Christ

Jesus not only judges us, but also acts as our Advocate before the Father (1 John 2:1).

Judgment and Victory

The judgment is in favor of the saints (Daniel 7:22), ensuring final justice and the end of evil.

Prophecy in Fulfillment

The Great Day of Heavenly Atonement

1844: The Beginning of the Judgment

According to the prophecy of Daniel 8:14 ("Unto 2300 evenings and mornings; then shall the sanctuary be cleansed"), Jesus began in 1844 the final phase of His ministry: the Investigative Judgment. He examines the records to decide who is ready for His coming.

The Destiny of Sin (The Goats)

Leviticus 16

The Goat for the Lord:

Represents Christ. His blood purifies the sanctuary and the believer.

The Scapegoat (Azazel):

Represents Satan. He does not pay for our sins, but receives back the responsibility for having tempted us, being led into the wilderness to die (the end of evil).

"For the time is come that judgment must begin at the house of God..."

1 Peter 4:17

The judgment begins with those who profess to be the people of God. It is a solemn time of self-examination and total surrender.

Forgiveness vs. Blotting Out

Action Forgiveness (Daily) Blotting Out (Atonement)
Moment Whenever we confess At the end of judgment
Sanctuary Sin transferred to the Sanctuary Sanctuary is purified
Records Written with "forgiveness" beside them Removed permanently

Frequently Asked Questions

If Jesus already died on the cross, why is judgment needed?

The cross provided the sacrifice (the payment). Judgment is the application of that sacrifice. It is the moment when God shows before the universe who genuinely accepted the gift of salvation.

Do I need to be afraid of judgment?

No, if Jesus is your Advocate. He has never lost a case! The judgment is "in favor of the saints" (Daniel 7:22). Our role is to keep a daily relationship of confession and friendship with Him.

What is the "Investigative Judgment"?

It is the phase of judgment that occurs before the return of Jesus. Just as on the earthly Day of Atonement sins were reviewed, Jesus now analyzes the life of each believer to confirm who accepted His grace. It is not for God to know (He knows all things), but to demonstrate to the universe His justice.

Why does Satan (Azazel) receive sins in the end?

Satan does not die for our sins (only Jesus does that). However, because he is the author of sin and the one who tempted us, he must receive back the final responsibility for all the evil he caused in the lives of the redeemed, being finally destroyed.

What does "afflict the soul" mean today?

It means living in a spirit of contrition, self-examination and deep dependence on God. It is not sadness without hope, but a solemn recognition that we live in the time of judgment and need to be in total harmony with the will of God.

The Process of Atonement

1. Investigation of the Books

Daniel 7:9-10 - The books are opened and each name is examined

2. Verification of Repentance

1 John 1:9 - Confession and repentance are examined

3. Blotting Out of Sins

Revelation 3:5 - Confessed sins are blotted out of the books

4. Acceptance or Rejection

Exodus 32:33 - Names remain or are blotted out of the book of life

Study Conduction

Introduction

Atonement, or the purification of sins, is the final work that Christ performs in the heavenly sanctuary before returning to Earth to take His faithful and obedient people.

📖 Read: Leviticus 23:27-29

The Purification

On the day of atonement everyone afflicted their souls, so that they could receive the benefit of the sanctuary's purification work.

📖 Read: Leviticus 16:30, 32, 33

The Celestial Records

Every person on Earth has a corresponding record book in Heaven. There all acts, thoughts and motives are recorded.

📖 Read: Daniel 7:9, 10 | Malachi 3:16 | Revelation 21:27

The Investigation

During the investigation, if there was repentance and confession of sins, they are blotted out of the books.

📖 Read: 1 John 1:9 | Revelation 3:5

Most Important Warning

Just as on the ancient Day of Atonement the Israelites were toafflict their soulsin deep repentance and confession, today we live in the solemn time of the Investigative Judgment in heaven.

The Word of God is clear: on that day, whoever did not afflict his soul and have his sins forgiven wascut off from the congregation. For us, today, the neglect of this time means something even more serious: theloss of eternal life.

"For whatsoever soul it be that shall not be afflicted in that same day, he shall be cut off from among his people." —Leviticus 23:29

Invitation to Reflection

Do you want to cling to Christ by faith, confessing your sins, and remain watching and praying for your soul, obeying the commandments of God, thus being prepared to have your sins blotted out of your book and inherit eternal life?

Revelation 14:7, 12

"...here are they that keep the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus."

Next Study

We will learn about the deception that Satan has used since the beginning, but especially in these last days, and how to avoid being ensnared.

Infographic of this study

Study 8 Infographic - The Atonement

Click on the image to view it in full screen.

Translations were generated by AI and may contain errors. If in doubt, please refer to the original Portuguese version.